Cinnabar and Alabaster

context
83. description: "almost every word and phrase we use we have heard or seen before. our originality and craft as writers come from how we put those words together in new ways to fit our specific situation, needs, and purposes, but we always need to rely on the common stock of language we share with others. if we did not share the language, how would others understand us? often we do not call attention to where specifically we got our words from. often the words we use are so common they seem to come from everywhere. at other times we want to give the impression that we are speaking as individuals from our individuality, concerned only with the immediate moment. sometimes we just don't remember where we heard something. on the other hand, at times we do want to call attention to where we got the words from. the source of the words may have great authority, or we may want to criticize those words"; why this matters: "we may want to tell a dramatic story associated with particular people with distinctive perspectives in a particular time and place. and when we read or listen to others, we don't often wonder where the words come from, but sometimes we start to sense the significance of them echoing words and thoughts from one place or another. analyzing those connections helps us understand the meaning of the text more deeply. we create our texts out of the sea of former texts that surround us, the sea of language we live in. and we understand the texts of others within that same sea."

terms
intertextuality = "the relation each text has to the texts surrounding it"
levels of intertextuality
1. source[s] from which direct quotations and meanings to be taken at face value are taken "as authoritative" and built upon by the writer.
2. the "explicit social dramas of prior texts engaged in discussion" = s.a. a "newspaper report…shaping a story of opponents locked in political struggle" where the struggle preexists & the newspaper creates the shared stage.
3. statements pulled in "as background, support, and contrast"
4. "beliefs, issues, ideas, statements generally circulated and likely familiar to the readers" whether directly attributed/attributable or "common knowledge"
5. recognizeable kinds of language, phrasing, and genres = "used to identify [each] text as part of those [specific] worlds"
6. resources of language = "language and language forms" that are "of the period and…part of the cultural world of the times" ("every text, all the time" includes this).
techniques of intertextual representation
1. direct quotation
2. indirect quotation = "usually specifies a source and then attempts to reproduce the meaning of the original but in words that reflect the author's understanding, interpretation, or spin on the original"
3. mentioning of a person, document, or statements, which "relies on the reader's familiarity with the original source and what it says"
4. comment or evaluation on a statement, text, or otherwise invoked voice = direct commentary rather than linguistic implication (as in indirect quotation)
5. using recognizeable phrasing, terminology associated with specific people or groups of people or particular documents = deliberate echoing of culturally recognizeable texts
6. using language and forms that seem to echo certain ways of communicating, discussions among other people, types of documents = "genre, kinds of vocabulary (or register), stock phrases, patterns of expression"
intertextual distance or reach
intertextual reach = "how far a text travels for its intertextual relations"
intratextual reference = when "a document draws on bits of text that appear earlier in the text, echoing and building on it"
intra-file intertextuality = "a text can reach a bit farther, but stay in a limited domain when a memo refers to and relies on a previous memo from the company on the same case."
intertextual collection = "the way texts within a file or other collection pull together to make a representation of a case or subject"
classroom intertextuality = "a fairly closed world" where intertextual reference can flourish
disciplinary intertextuality = "explicit[ly]" created by "fairly contained…research disciplines"
interdisciplinary intertextuality = "broader…interdisciplinary reach"
intracorporate or intraindustry intertextuality = within a corporate field or industry
intrasystem intertextuality = "if, for example, corporate documents attend to larger corporate policies, government law and regulations, documents of other companies, economic predictions, consumer culture, and so on"
intermediality = "when the resource or reference moves from one medium to another"
translation across contexts/recontextualization
recontextualization = "each time someone else's words, or words from one document or another part of the same document, are used in a new context"
intertextual comment = when "the recontextualization may also put the words into a less friendly or more critical contexts, or some context that comments on, evaluates, or puts the other words at a distance"